| 词汇 | hard |
| 释义 | hard | BrE hɑːd, AmE hɑrd | A. adjective ① (difficult) 困难的 ‹problem, choice›▸ it's hard (for sb) to do sth; （某人）做某事很难 ▸ to find sth hard to do 感到某事很难做 ▸ it's hard to believe that … 很难相信… ▸ a hard person to get on or along with 难于相处的人 ▸ to play hard to get informal 故意拿架子 ② (rigid) 坚硬的 ‹substance, surface›▸ hard muscles 结实的肌肉 ▸ to go or get or become or grow hard 变坚硬 ▸ as hard as iron or (a) rock or (a) stone 像钢铁/石头一样坚硬 → nut A1③ (demanding) 辛苦的 ‹day›; 艰苦的 ‹life, childhood›▸ to be hard to do sth; 做某事很费劲 ▸ to be too much like hard work ironic 太费劲了 ▸ hard work never hurt or killed anybody 辛苦的工作有益无害 ▸ to be hard going «trip, task» 费力 «text» 难懂 ④ (diligent) 辛勤的 ‹worker›▸ he's a very hard worker (student) 他非常勤奋 (employee) 他工作很努力 ⑤ (forceful) 用力的 ‹blow, push›▸ to take a hard fall 砰然落地 ⑥ (unpleasant) 艰难的 ‹year›▸ to deal sb/take a hard blow 给某人以/遭受沉重打击 ▸ life is hard informal ironic 生活很艰辛 ▸ it's a hard life being a millionaire ironic 做百万富翁不容易 ▸ it's a hard world 这是个残酷的世界 ▸ to fall on hard times 经历艰难时期 ▸ to give sb a hard time informal 为难某人 ▸ to have a hard time (of it) 经历艰难困苦 ▸ to learn sth or to find sth out the hard way 通过吃苦头认识某事物 ▸ no hard feelings 不再怨恨 ▸ hard lines ! British informal (sympathetic) 真不幸！ (unsympathetic) 活该倒霉！ ⑦ (jarring) 刺眼的 ‹light, colour›; 刺耳的 ‹sound›⑧ (stark) 生硬的 ‹outline›⑨ (very cold) 严寒的 ▸ a hard winter/frost 严冬/寒冷的霜冻 ⑩ (stern) 冷酷无情的 ‹person, look›▸ a hard heart 硬心肠 ▸ there were hard words between us 我们相互苛责 ▸ to be hard on sb/sth (harsh) 对某人/某事物苛刻 (unfair) 对某人/某事物不公平 (damaging) 伤害某人/损坏某物 ▸ to be hard on one's shoes/feet 穿鞋很费/挤脚 ▸ to be hard on the nerves 使人焦虑不安 ⑪ informal (tough) 强健的 ‹body›; 坚强的 ‹mind›▸ you think you're really hard, don't you? 你以为你真的有种，是不是？ ⑫ (reliable) 确凿的 ‹facts, evidence›; 确切的 ‹news›⑬ (potent) 烈性的 ‹drink, liquor›⑭ (explicit) 极度淫秽的 ‹pornography›⑮ ▸ Politics the hard left/right 极左派/极右派 ⑯ Phonetics 硬的 ‹sound›▸ a hard consonant 硬辅音 B. adverb ① (rigidly) 结实地 ▸ to set/freeze/bake hard 变结实/冻得结结实实/烤得硬邦邦的 ② (forcefully) 用力地 ‹push›▸ to slam the door hard 使劲关上门 ▸ to fall hard against or on sth 重重地撞在某物上 ③ (diligently) 努力地 ▸ no matter how hard I tried, … 不管我多努力，… ▸ as hard as one can 竭尽全力 ▸ to work hard 辛勤工作 ▸ to be hard at work or informal at it 忙于干活 ④ (carefully) 仔细地 ‹think, look›⑤ (heavily) 大量地 ▸ to rain/snow very hard 雨/雪下得很大 ⑥ (intensely) 剧烈地 ▸ to laugh/cry hard 大笑/痛哭 ⑦ figurative (deeply) 严重地 ▸ to hit sb/sth hard 给某人/某事以沉重打击 ▸ to be hard hit (by sth) 受到（某事的）严重影响 ⑧ (sharply) 急剧地 ▸ to turn hard to the right 向右急转 ▸ go hard astern! 全速倒退！ ▸ hard a-port/a-starboard 左/右满舵 ⑨ (with difficulty) 困难地 ▸ to be hard put (to it) to do sth 做某事很难 ⑩ ▸ (badly) to take sth hard 为某事难过 ⑪ ▸ (unfairly) hard done by 受到不公平待遇 ▸ to look hard done by 看起来很委屈 ⑫ ▸ (close) hard behind 紧随在后 ▸ hard on or upon sth 紧随某事之后 ▸ hard by (sth) dated 在（某物）近旁 |
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